Created or evolved?

Created or evolved?

Where do we come from? Find your answer to the vital creation vs evolution question

The peppered moth (Biston betularia, in its light and dark forms) is often paraded as evidence for evolution, whereas it actually isn’t. See: The moth files. Minor variation within a species of moth does nothing to explain the origin of the moth or how (for example) a worm could change into a fish. For readers wanting to dig deeper still, see the many articles accessible from Q&A: Natural selection.
Photos by Olaf Leillinger, wikipedia.org

by David Catchpoole

Are you created or evolved?

Since Charles Darwin first published his Origin of Species in 1859, the idea that everything just evolved by itself over millions and billions of years has come to dominate our public media and educational institutions. Evolution is often spoken of as ‘fact’.

So it surprises many that there are an increasing number of voices speaking out against evolution. They say we are not evolved, but created. It’s even more of a surprise to discover many of those voices are from leading scientists across a range of disciplines. Not only are they pointing out the flaws in evolutionary theory, but they’re also showing that the evidence around us fits with the Bible’s account of the past, not evolution.

What is this evidence for creation that these scientists are pointing to? There’s lots. Here’s just a taste.

The design of living things

If we look at even just one aspect of our bodies, such as the dexterity of our hand, wrist and fingers, it speaks of design, and therefore, a Designer. Robotics engineers are still striving to copy that dexterity!1 And our movements are controlled by our brains—no mean feat! The immense complexity of the human brain, its creativity and power of abstract reasoning, with capacities vastly beyond that required for sheer survival, is perhaps the most obvious evidence for intelligent creation.2

New jaw-dropping discoveries of the cell’s hitherto-unrealized complexity are continuing to be made.

At the time that Charles Darwin published his Origin of Species, a cell was considered a simple ‘blob of protoplasm’—a basic building block of life. But with the development of technology allowing us to study living things at a molecular level, it’s now realized that a single cell is enormously complex. And new jaw-dropping discoveries of its hitherto-unrealized complexity are continuing to be made. E.g. the cell has a ‘switchboard system’ to coordinate the multiplicity of biochemical events happening within.3

And much more! E.g. it’s humorous now to look back on the prediction, by a scientist (J.B.S. Haldane) who believed that, because of evolution, no-one would ever find a wheel in nature.4 He was wrong, as this video clip (duration 1 minute, 26 seconds) of the world’s smallest rotary motor, the incredible ATP synthase enzyme present in all living things, shows:5

And there are linear motors, too, including the kinesin protein that ‘walks’ as it transports essential components to where they are needed in the cell, as this video (duration 1 minute, 11 seconds) shows:6

Note that every ‘step’ the kinesin protein takes requires one ATP molecule for energy—i.e. ATP which is generated by the rotary ATP synthase motor shown in the previous video clip. The eukaryotic cell needs both of these highly complex motors to be present and fully functional—and much more besides. No wonder the Psalmist wrote …

I praise you because I am fearfully and wonderfully made; your works are wonderful, I know that full well. (Psalm 139:14)

… and the Apostle Paul said:

For since the creation of the world God’s invisible qualities—his eternal power and divine nature—have been clearly seen, being understood from what has been made, so that men are without excuse. (Romans 1:20)

Indeed, there’s no excuse! Especially as modern science continues to reveal the irreducible complexity in life’s biochemistry. This video clip (duration 2 minutes, 16 seconds) spectacularly demonstrates one essential aspect of this:7

Note that this whole system (DNA, RNA and fully functional enzyme machinery) must be present in any living cell. To get enzymes you need RNA, to get RNA you need DNA, to get DNA you need enzymes … get the picture? No one has any idea how such a sophisticated set of nanomachines could have made themselves without intelligent design. This had to be designed by a super-intelligence. This is one characteristic of the Creator of all described in the Bible: omniscient / all knowing.

What would Charles Darwin have made of all this new information available today? Even in his day, the sight of a peacock feather was enough to make him sick (!), as this one-minute video clip relates:8

We’re going downhill so fast in fact that geneticists wonder why we haven’t become extinct at least 100 times over!

For readers interested in a swag of further articles on how nature points undeniably to a Designer, see:

Q&A: Design features

Perhaps you might also know someone who would benefit from being given this short letter demonstrating how we inherently recognize design when we see it:

Letter to an atheist: A birdbox and a tree

Too-rapid genetic decay

Bad news, folks. We’re accumulating copying mistakes (mutations) in our genes at a rate of approximately 60–100 per person per generation. Here’s a video clip (duration 2 minutes 29 seconds) extract from a presentation on this topic by internationally-renowned geneticist Dr John Sanford (one of many PhD scientists who believe the Bible)9, inventor of the gene gun:10

We’re going downhill so fast in fact that geneticists wonder why we haven’t become extinct 100 times over! But their bewilderment is because they make the mistake of believing the world is older than the 6,000 or so years the Bible indicates.

Also, many wrongly think that mutations can be the ‘engine’ of evolution, i.e. that they can generate the sort of ‘uphill’ transformations necessary to validate the microbes-to-man idea. But the truth is very different. In the following video clip (duration 1 minute, 52 seconds), the response of the ‘champion’ of evolution in the west, biologist Richard Dawkins, when challenged on this issue is very revealing:11

(Should you encounter some of the many Skeptics who have tried to question the veracity of the above film clip, you can show they are wrong with this analysis of the video timeline: Was Dawkins stumped? Frog-to-a-Prince critics refuted again.)

Note that time, far from being the ‘hero’ of evolution,12 actually makes matters worse for evolutionary theory. Here are two easy-to-read articles for readers interested in following this up further:

Supernovas demonstrate by their presence that the mooted billions-of-years age of the universe is nonsense.

Time—no friend of evolution
The evolution train’s a-comin’ (Sorry, a-goin’—in the wrong direction)

And here’s a swag of further articles for readers keen to dig deeper on this topic, which clearly shows the genetic evidence points to the truth of biblical creation:

Q&A: Mutations

Incidentally, while on the subject of genetics, in this video clip (duration 1 minute, 5 seconds), CMI’s Dr Jonathan Sarfati explains why our DNA similarity with apes points to a common designer and not evolution:13

For readers with a strong further interest in genetics, see:

Q&A: Genetics

The fossil ‘record’

Instead of representing millions-of-years of evolution and extinction, the fossil ‘record’ is actually better interpreted as being a legacy of the global Flood (Genesis 6–9), and events since. This one-minute video highlights the challenge that stasis and ‘living fossils’ present to evolutionary theory, while those observed characteristics are right in line with what the Bible says:14

And there’s plenty of evidence of rapid burial, just as you’d expect from the catastrophically violent worldwide Flood described in the Bible. E.g. this one-minute video shows some fossils buried across multiple sedimentary layers:15

The pattern of worldwide catastrophic erosion, movement and burial in a watery cataclysm is plainly evident for those with eyes to see, as these easy-to-read articles explain:

Do rivers erode through mountains?—Water gaps are strong evidence for the Genesis Flood
Noah’s long-distance travelers—Quartzite boulders speak powerfully of the global Flood
It’s plain to see
Seeing the pattern

By the way, the widely-held belief that the fossil record ‘proves’ that humans evolved from apes is sadly misplaced. One of the world’s foremost evolutionary paleoanthropologists, Professor Bernard Wood, forthrightly highlights the deceptiveness in portraying transitional images of ape-to-man (such as the one displayed on the right) as follows:

“There is a popular image of human evolution that you’ll find all over the place, from the backs of cereal packets to advertisements for expensive scientific equipment. On the left of the picture there’s an ape—stocky, jutting jaw, hunched in the knuckle-walking position. On the right, a man—graceful, high forehead, striding purposefully into the future. Between the two is a succession of figures that become ever more like humans, as the shoulders start to pull back, the torso slims down, the arms retract, the legs extend, the cranium expands and the chin recedes. Our progress from ape to human looks so smooth, so tidy. It’s such a beguiling image that even the experts are loath to let it go. But it is an illusion.”16

An illusion! And Professor Wood has subsequently also said:

“The origin of our own genus remains frustratingly unclear.”17

But one might reasonably ask, “Hasn’t there already been lots of discoveries of transitional ape-men fossils, since Darwin wrote his Origin?” The following video clip (duration: 45 seconds) gives an example of what has happened to them, since they were initially heralded as ‘transitional forms’:18

For readers who’d like to explore the whole claimed ‘ape-men’ issue further, see the many articles accessible from:

Q&A: Anthropology and Ape-men

For readers who’d like to dig even deeper into the fossil record [Unintended pun!—Ed.], there’s a plethora of further articles accessible from:

Q&A: Geology
Q&A: Fossils

Dinosaurs

The 600-year-old tomb of Bishop Bell at Carlisle Cathedral, UK, has brass engravings of what appear to be sauropod dinosaurs. They appear to be engaged in a fight with their necks (as is also typical of giraffe behaviour) or perhaps courting displays, also familiar within the animal kingdom. Whoever engraved them all those centuries ago clearly wasn’t copying from the Encyclopædia Brittanica! Rather, people at that time knew what such dinosaurs looked like because those creatures were alive at the time, and were as familiar to people as the other creatures engraved on Bishop Bell’s tomb, e.g. fish, dogs, pigs and birds.

Photos by Philip Bell (left) and Mark Harwood (right).

There’s lots of evidence of dinosaurs having lived alongside people after the Flood (e.g. at Carlisle Cathedral shown above).19 And of rapid burial of dinosaurs during the Flood.20 And of red blood cells and hemoglobin in dinosaur remains, indicating the millions-of-years extinction ideas must be wrong, but right in line with the Bible’s timeline, as the following video (duration 43 seconds) shows:21

You can get an idea of the astonishment of the scientists involved in the discovery by viewing the following one-minute video:

Actually, following the 1990s discovery of the red blood cells and hemoglobin (for more detail on that find see Sensational dinosaur blood report!), even more dramatic discoveries have included:

• In 2005, flexible ligaments and blood vessels. See Dinosaur soft-tissue find—a stunning rebuttal of ‘millions of years’
• In 2009, the fragile proteins elastin and laminin, and further confirmation of the presence of collagen (an important protein in bone). The protein evidence was inescapably building up against long-age ideas, adding to the 2003 finding of osteocalcin in dinosaur bone. If the dinosaur fossils really were tens of millions of years old as claimed, none of these proteins should have been present. See Dinosaur soft tissue and protein—even more confirmation!
• In 2012, bone cells (osteocytes), the proteins actin and tubulin, and even DNA! Under measured rates of decomposition, these proteins, and especially DNA, could not have lasted for the presumed 65 million years since dinosaur extinction. This is dramatic support for the Bible’s timeline, with its maximum age of the earth of 6,000 years. See DNA and bone cells found in dinosaur bone
• In 2012, radiocarbon in dinosaur bones. But carbon-14 decays so quickly that if the remains were even 100,000 years old, none should be detectable! See Radiocarbon in dino bones—international conference censored

And note the way many dinosaurs have been fossilized in a ‘death throes’ posture, pointing to death-by-drowning, as this one-minute video shows:22

Want more? There’s lots more reading accessible via:

Q&A: Dinosaurs

This thought-provoking photo from p. 105 of The Young Earth is testament to rapid burial in the Flood. This fish was covered over so quickly it didn’t even have time to finish swallowing its lunch! (No room for millions-of-years.) And it’s not just vertebrates that are so exquisitely preserved, contrary to the misleading slow-and-gradual fossilisation ideas taught in textbooks. There have now been hundreds of jellyfish fossils discovered, magnificently preserved, thus Charles Darwin’s prediction made in his Origin of Species that no jellyfish fossils would ever be found has been proven to be utterly wrong. See: Hundreds of jellyfish fossils! The fossil evidence found worldwide, even in the highest mountain ranges, speaks of the truth of the global Flood of Noah’s time. For readers interested in following up our many articles about that watery cataclysm see Q&A: Noah’s Flood.

From Tyrannosaurus rex bones: Flexible blood vessels (left) and what look like red blood cells in blood vessels (right)! The discovery of pliable blood vessels, blood cells and proteins in dinosaur bone is consistent with an age of thousands of years for the fossils, not the 65+ million years claimed by the paleontologists. Unfortunately, when evidence such as this is found, researchers tend not to trust their own eyes—instead of questioning the millions-of-years paradigm they’ll often throw doubt upon their own evidence! E.g. researcher Dr Mary Schweitzer famously recalls: “It was exactly like looking at a slice of modern bone. But, of course, I couldn’t believe it. I said to the lab technician: ‘The bones, after all, are 65 million years old. How could blood cells survive that long?’” For more see Dino soft tissue find—a stunning rebuttal of ‘millions of years’.

Images: Dr Mary Schweitzer, Science 307(5717):1952, 25 March 2005 (supplementary material).

Stars and planets

There’s plenty of facts about our universe that defy naturalistic explanation, but speak instead of the truth of Psalm 19:1, “The heavens declare the glory of God, and the sky above proclaims his handiwork.” E.g. the retrograde motion of some of the planets of our solar system,23 and the structure evident in the universe.24 Here’s three easy-to-read articles with further evidence in line with the Bible’s account of origins:

Young Saturn
In the middle of the action 
Astronomical evidence for a young(er) earth and universe

There’s lots more about the starry skies that points to the Bible’s timeline of creation. E.g. supernovas demonstrate by their presence that the mooted billions-of-years age of the universe is nonsense, but are right in line with the Bible’s 6,000-year age of the universe, as this video clip (duration: 45 seconds) explains:25

For those who want to explore further, there’s plenty more reading material accessible via:

Q&A: Astronomy and Astrophysics

Enhanced colour image of geysers on Saturn’s moon Enceladus spraying water vapour far into space. This and other evidence of ‘surprising’ geological activity sent back by NASA’s Cassini probe highlights the fact that our solar system cannot possibly be billions of years old—but instead in line with the Bible’s account of recent creation. For more on this, see Enceladus: Saturn’s sprightly moon looks young.
Credit: NASA / JPL / Space Science Institute

If the appendix can be removed from our body, does that mean it’s an evolutionary ‘leftover’? Absolutely not! See Appendix shrieks creation (at least 18 times!). Readers wanting to explore this topic further can access a great many interesting articles viaQ&A: Vestigial organs.
Credit: Wikimedia commons/ U.S. Navy: Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Eric C. Tretter

Conclusion: We’re created, not evolved!

Given the above, some readers might now be wondering, “Why then do many people not realize there’s all this evidence for biblical creation and the Flood?” One factor is that many people don’t realize the difference between experimental science, which relies on eyewitness observations (which happens to be in line with the Bible’s injunction to “Let every matter be established on the testimony of two or more witnesses”), and claims about evolution in the past, which does not. This video clip (duration: 1 minute, 6 seconds) explains why the creation/evolution debate is about history, which cannot be observed, repeated, and tested:26

Now, all of this is not of mere academic interest, but has ramifications for everyone’s future. We’ve seen here that the evidence strongly points to the truth of the Bible’s historical account about Creation and the Flood. This video clip27(duration 45 seconds) explains that Jesus Christ—our Creator, Lord and Saviour—spoke of that Flood, in context of the judgment to come …

So, the scientific evidence leads us to the fact that we are created, not evolved. Living things point to design. Geology confirms the biblical Flood. Genetics reveals that our world is decaying, and needs to be renewed. The good news is that the Creator will one day do just that. He cares about each of us and has a plan for our lives.“For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.”John 3:16 

https://creation.com/created-or-evolved

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Kind regards,  Annalouise Bekker  Administration
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Did God Order the Killing of Babies?

by	Dave Miller, Ph.D.

  Skeptics and atheists have been critical of the Bible’s portrayal of God ordering the death of entire populations—including women and 

children. For example, God instructed Saul through the prophet Samuel to “go and attack Amalek, and utterly destroy all that they have, and do not spare them. But kill both man and woman, infant and nursing child, ox and sheep, camel and donkey” (1 Samuel 15:3-4, emp. added) . Other examples include the period of the Israelite conquest of Canaan in which God instructed the people to exterminate the Canaanite populations that occupied Palestine at the time. However, if one cares to examine the circumstances and assess the rationale, the Bible consistently exonerates itself by offering legitimate clarification and explanation to satisfy the honest searcher of truth.

The Hebrew term herem found, for instance, in Joshua 6:17, 17  And the city and all that is within it shall be devoted to the LORD for destruction. Only Rahab the prostitute and all who are with her in her house shall live, because she hid the messengers whom we sent. refers to the total dedication or giving over of the enemy to God as a sacrifice involving the extermination of the populace. It is alleged that the God of the Bible is as barbaric and cruel as any of the pagan gods. But this assessment is simply not true.

If the critic would take the time to study the Bible and make an honest evaluation of the principles of God’s justice, wrath, and love, he would see the perfect and harmonious interplay between them. God’s vengeance is not like the impulsive, irrational, emotional outbursts of pagan deities or human beings. He is infinite in all His attributes and thus perfect in justice, love, and anger. Just as God’s ultimate and final condemnation of sinners to eternal punishment will be just and appropriate, so the temporal judgment of wicked people in the Old Testament was ethical and fair. We human beings do not have an accurate handle on the gravity of sin and the deplorable nature of evil and wickedness. Human sentimentality is hardly a qualified measuring stick for divine truth and spiritual reality.

How incredibly ironic that the atheist, the agnostic, the skeptic, and the liberal all attempt to stand in judgment upon the ethical behavior of God when, if one embraces their position, there is no such thing as an absolute, objective, authoritative standard by which to pronounce anything right or wrong. As the French existentialist philosopher, Sartre, admitted: “Everything is indeed permitted if God does not exist…. Nor…are we provided with any values or commands that could legitimize our behavior” (1961, p. 485). The atheist and agnostic have absolutely no platform on which to stand to make moral or ethical distinctions—except as the result of purely personal taste. The mere fact that they concede the existence of objective evil is an unwitting concession there is a God Who has established an absolute framework of moral judgments.

The facts of the matter are that the Canaanites, whom God’s people were to destroy, were destroyed for their wickedness (Deuteronomy 9:4; 18:9-12; Leviticus 18:24-25,27-28).

Deuteronomy 9:4 (ESV) 
4  “Do not say in your heart, after the LORD your God has thrust them out before you, ‘It is because of my righteousness that the LORD has brought me in to possess this land,’ whereas it is because of the wickedness of these nations that the LORD is driving them out before you.

Deuteronomy 18:9-12 (ESV) 
9  “When you come into the land that the LORD your God is giving you, you shall not learn to follow the abominable practices of those nations.
10  There shall not be found among you anyone who burns his son or his daughter as an offering, anyone who practices divination or tells fortunes or interprets omens, or a sorcerer
11  or a charmer or a medium or a necromancer or one who inquires of the dead,
12  for whoever does these things is an abomination to the LORD. And because of these abominations the LORD your God is driving them out before you.

Leviticus 18:24-25…27-28 (ESV) 
24  “Do not make yourselves unclean by any of these things, for by all these the nations I am driving out before you have become unclean,  25  and the land became unclean, so that I punished its iniquity, and the land vomited out its inhabitants. ….. 27  (for the people of the land, who were before you, did all of these abominations, so that the land became unclean),
28  lest the land vomit you out when you make it unclean, as it vomited out the nation that was before you. 

Canaanite culture and religion in the second millennium B.C. were polluted, corrupt, and perverted. No doubt the people were physically diseased from their illicit behavior. There simply was no viable solution to their condition except destruction. Their moral depravity was “full”  Genesis 15:16 (ESV) 16  And they shall come back here in the fourth generation, for the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet complete.” . They had slumped to such an immoral, depraved state, with no hope of recovery, that their existence on this Earth had to be terminated—just like in Noah’s day when God waited while Noah preached for years, but was unable to turn the world’s population from its wickedness (Genesis 6:3-7; 1 Peter 3:20; 2 Peter 3:5-9).

Genesis 6:3-7 (ESV) 
3  Then the LORD said, “My Spirit shall not abide in man forever, for he is flesh: his days shall be 120 years.” 
4  The Nephilim were on the earth in those days, and also afterward, when the sons of God came in to the daughters of man and they bore children to them. These were the mighty men who were of old, the men of renown. 
5  The LORD saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every intention of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.
6  And the LORD regretted that he had made man on the earth, and it grieved him to his heart.
7  So the LORD said, “I will blot out man whom I have created from the face of the land, man and animals and creeping things and birds of the heavens, for I am sorry that I have made them.”

1 Peter 3:20 (ESV) 
20  because they formerly did not obey, when God’s patience waited in the days of Noah, while the ark was being prepared, in which a few, that is, eight persons, were brought safely through water.

2 Peter 3:5-9 (ESV) 
5  For they deliberately overlook this fact, that the heavens existed long ago, and the earth was formed out of water and through water by the word of God, 
6  and that by means of these the world that then existed was deluged with water and perished. 
7  But by the same word the heavens and earth that now exist are stored up for fire, being kept until the day of judgment and destruction of the ungodly. 
8  But do not overlook this one fact, beloved, that with the Lord one day is as a thousand years, and a thousand years as one day.
9  The Lord is not slow to fulfill his promise as some count slowness, but is patient toward you, not wishing that any should perish, but that all should reach repentance.

Including the children in the destruction of such populations actually spared them from a worse condition—that of being reared to be as wicked as their parents and thus face eternal punishment. All persons who die in childhood, according to the Bible, are ushered to Paradise and will ultimately reside in Heaven. Children who have parents who are evil must naturally suffer innocently while on Earth (e.g., Numbers 14:33).

Hebrews 10:26-31 (ESV)
26  For if we go on sinning deliberately after receiving the knowledge of the truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins,
27  but a fearful expectation of judgment, and a fury of fire that will consume the adversaries.
28  Anyone who has set aside the law of Moses dies without mercy on the evidence of two or three witnesses.
29  How much worse punishment, do you think, will be deserved by the one who has trampled underfoot the Son of God, and has profaned the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified, and has outraged the Spirit of grace?
30  For we know him who said, “Vengeance is mine; I will repay.” And again, “The Lord will judge his people.”
31  It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God.

Numbers 14:33 (ESV) 
33  And your children shall be shepherds in the wilderness forty years and shall suffer for your faithlessness, until the last of your dead bodies lies in the wilderness.

Those who disagree with God’s annihilation of the wicked in the Old Testament have the same liberal attitude that has come to prevail in America just in the last half century. That attitude has typically opposed capital punishment, as well as the corporal punishment of children. Such people simply cannot see the rightness of evildoers being punished by execution or physical pain. Nevertheless, their view is skewed—and the rest of us are being forced to live with the results of their warped thinking: undisciplined, out-of-control children are wreaking havoc on our society by perpetrating crime to historically, all-time high levels.

Those who reject the ethics of God’s destructive activity in the Old Testament, to be consistent, must reject Jesus and the New Testament. Over and over again, Jesus and the New Testament writers endorsed and defended such activity (e.g., Luke 13:1-9; 12:5; 17:29-32; 10:12; Hebrews 10:26-31). The Bible provides the only logical, sensible, meaningful, consistent explanation regarding the principles of retribution, punishment, and the conditions under which physical life may be extinguished.

Luke 13:1-9 (ESV) 
1  There were some present at that very time who told him about the Galileans whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices.
2  And he answered them, “Do you think that these Galileans were worse sinners than all the other Galileans, because they suffered in this way?
3  No, I tell you; but unless you repent, you will all likewise perish.
4  Or those eighteen on whom the tower in Siloam fell and killed them: do you think that they were worse offenders than all the others who lived in Jerusalem?
5  No, I tell you; but unless you repent, you will all likewise perish.”
6  And he told this parable: “A man had a fig tree planted in his vineyard, and he came seeking fruit on it and found none.
7  And he said to the vinedresser, ‘Look, for three years now I have come seeking fruit on this fig tree, and I find none. Cut it down. Why should it use up the ground?’
8  And he answered him, ‘Sir, let it alone this year also, until I dig around it and put on manure.
9  Then if it should bear fruit next year, well and good; but if not, you can cut it down.’”

Luke 12: 5 (ESV) 
5  But I will warn you whom to fear: fear him who, after he has killed, has authority to cast into hell. Yes, I tell you, fear him!

Luke 17:29-32 (ESV) 
29  but on the day when Lot went out from Sodom, fire and sulfur rained from heaven and destroyed them all— 
30  so will it be on the day when the Son of Man is revealed. 
31  On that day, let the one who is on the housetop, with his goods in the house, not come down to take them away, and likewise let the one who is in the field not turn back. 
32  Remember Lot’s wife.

Luke 10:12 (ESV) 
12  I tell you, it will be more bearable on that day for Sodom than for that town.

Hebrews 10:26-31 (ESV) 
26  For if we go on sinning deliberately after receiving the knowledge of the truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins, 
27  but a fearful expectation of judgment, and a fury of fire that will consume the adversaries. 
28  Anyone who has set aside the law of Moses dies without mercy on the evidence of two or three witnesses. 
29  How much worse punishment, do you think, will be deserved by the one who has trampled underfoot the Son of God, and has profaned the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified, and has outraged the Spirit of grace? 
30  For we know him who said, “Vengeance is mine; I will repay.” And again, “The Lord will judge his people.” 
31  It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God.

REFERENCE

Sartre, Jean Paul, (1961), “Existentialism and Humanism,” French Philosophers from Descartes to Sartre, ed. Leonard M. Marsak (New York: Meridian).

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