Tuesday, July 28, 2015

Acts Chapter 10


 At Caesarea there was a man named Cornelius, a centurion in what was known as the Italian Regiment.
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1. What is a centurion?
Centurion. Commanded a military unit that normally numbered at least 100 men. The Roman legion (about 6,000 men) was divided into ten regiments, each of which had a designation. This was the “Italian” (another was the “Imperial,” or “Augustan,” ). a cohort of Italians, as distinguished from native soldiers, quartered at Cæsarea, probably as a bodyguard to the Roman procurator who resided there. A centurion commanded about a sixth of a regiment. Centurions were carefully selected; all of them mentioned in the NT appear to have had noble qualities (e.g., Lk 7:5). The Roman centurions provided necessary stability to the entire Roman system. This centurion was a career officer, and a man of influence. A Latin inscription has been preserved which indicates the presence in Syria of the “second Italian cohort of Roman citizens” in a.d. 69. Centurions were paid very well (as much as five times the pay of an ordinary soldier), so Cornelius would have been socially prominent and wealthy.
 He and all his family were devout and God-fearing; he gave generously to those in need and prayed to God regularly.
2. He was a God-fearer and a good guy, was he saved?
A few Gentiles became converts to Judaism and accepted all Jewish practices, including circumcision. A larger number stopped short of circumcision but accepted the Jewish belief in God, synagogue worship, the ethical teachings of the OT, and some of the Jewish religious practices. These people, who were called God-fearers, were familiar with the OT in the Greek version as it was read in the synagogues. Devout God-fearers provided the most fertile soil in which the Gospel took root. Cornelius was such a “semi-proselyte.” His devout character was manifested by his liberal alms to the people and his regular prayers to God. devout. In spite of all his good deeds, Cornelius needed to hear the way of salvation from a human messenger. The role of the angel (v. 3) was to bring Cornelius and Peter together (cf. 8:26; 9:10). God-fearingThe term used of one who was not a full–fledged convert to Judaism but who believed in one God and respected the moral and ethical teachings of the Jews. He was a devout man and “one that feared God.” He was not a Jewish proselyte in the strict sense of the term, but gravitated toward Judaism and could be called a “proselyte of the Gate.” Today we might say that he was a man who lived in the neighborhood, attended church on special occasions, was friendly toward the church, but was not actually a Christian. That could have been Cornelius. He feared God. Paul talks about this in Romans 1:20 they are without excuse. God holds all men responsible for their refusal to acknowledge what He has shown them of Himself in His creation. Even those who have never had an opportunity to hear the gospel have received a clear witness about the existence and character of God—and have suppressed it. If a person will respond to the revelation he has, even if it is solely natural revelation, God will provide some means for that person to hear the gospel
One day at about three in the afternoon he had a vision. He distinctly saw an angel of God, who came to him and said, “Cornelius!” 4 Cornelius stared at him in fear. “What is it, Lord?” he asked. The angel answered, “Your prayers and gifts to the poor have come up as a memorial offering before God. 5 Now send men to Joppa to bring back a man named Simon who is called Peter. 6 He is staying with Simon the tanner, whose house is by the sea.” 7 When the angel who spoke to him had gone, Cornelius called two of his servants and a devout soldier who was one of his attendants. 8 He told them everything that had happened and sent them to Joppa.
3. What does Cornelius’s response to God, tell us.
He was ready to be obedient. As with the Centurion in the gospels these men were used to obeying the orders of a superior officer.
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4. Where was Joppa with respect to Caesarea?
Cornelius chose two trusted servants and a soldier who was a God-fearer like himself to go to Joppa to bring Peter. Joppa is some thirty miles from Caesarea. The three messengers left Caesarea early in the morning and arrived in Joppa about noon.
5. The fact that there were God-fearers in the house of Cornelius tells us what?
Cornelius was not a ‘closet seeker after God”, he was public about this faith and he had great influence in his household.
Peter’s Vision
9 About noon the following day as they were on their journey and approaching the city, Peter went up on the roof to pray. 10 He became hungry and wanted something to eat, and while the meal was being prepared, he fell into a trance. 11 He saw heaven opened and something like a large sheet being let down to earth by its four corners. 12 It contained all kinds of four-footed animals, as well as reptiles of the earth and birds of the air. 13 Then a voice told him, “Get up, Peter. Kill and eat.” 14 “Surely not, Lord!” Peter replied. “I have never eaten anything impure or unclean.” 15 The voice spoke to him a second time, “Do not call anything impure that God has made clean.” 16 This happened three times, and immediately the sheet was taken back to heaven. 17 While Peter was wondering about the meaning of the vision, the men sent by Cornelius found out where Simon’s house was and stopped at the gate. 18 They called out, asking if Simon who was known as Peter was staying there. 19 While Peter was still thinking about the vision, the Spirit said to him, “Simon, three men are looking for you. 20 So get up and go downstairs. Do not hesitate to go with them, for I have sent them.” 21 Peter went down and said to the men, “I’m the one you’re looking for. Why have you come?” 22 The men replied, “We have come from Cornelius the centurion. He is a righteous and God-fearing man, who is respected by all the Jewish people. A holy angel told him to have you come to his house so that he could hear what you have to say.”
6. What do these animals represent?
These are animals which were prohibited for the Jews to eat. In the sheet he beheld the three kinds of creatures described in Gen 6:20—four-footed animals, reptiles, and birds. When commanded to kill some of these animals and eat, Peter replied that to do so would mean violating the Jewish ritual law against eating unclean foods. Leviticus 11 contains these laws. Animals that did not chew the cud and did not have cloven hooves were designated as unclean and were not to be used for food. Furthermore, clean animals had to be prepared in such a way that the blood did not remain within the carcass. Although Peter was a Christian, he was also a good Jew, who did not violate Jewish dietary rules. So in effect God was saying that there were no more creatures that Peter could not eat.
7. What is Peter’s response to God’s command to eat these animals?
He argues. This seems to be a pattern with Peter.
8. The fact that God has just said “Do not call anything impure that God has made clean.” And then He sends gentiles to see Peter, is this a coincidence or what?
God is the one who declared certain foods unclean and the Jewish rabbinical leaders had taken Gods order to separate from the gentiles and declared that gentiles were unclean. Now God is changing things. He makes the rules, and He can change the rules. He is getting Peter ready for a major change in Jewish life. He has Peter staying at the house of a tanner. Tanners were considered ceremonially unclean because they dealt with dead animals. Therefore this eliminates the ceremonial worship law. He has Him eating reptiles, which strikes down the ceremonial food laws, and He is going to have Peter associating with gentiles which abolishes the Jewish law of non association.acts104
The apostle understood the significance of the vision given to him on the rooftop. He realized that the distinction between clean and unclean foods had an application to human beings, and that, contrary to Jewish belief, no people were to be thought of as unclean in the sight of God. God shows no partiality to any one people. A person who fears God and does what is right, whether he be Jew or Gentile, is accepted by God. This was a great lesson for a Jew to learn, and it marks a definite step in the extension of the church from a Jewish fellowship to a universal basis. The Wycliffe Bible Commentary.
Peter at Cornelius’ House
23 Then Peter invited the men into the house to be his guests. The next day Peter started out with them, and some of the brothers from Joppa went along. 24 The following day he arrived in Caesarea. Cornelius was expecting them and had called together his relatives and close friends. 25 As Peter entered the house, Cornelius met him and fell at his feet in reverence. 26 But Peter made him get up. “Stand up,” he said, “I am only a man myself.” 27 Talking with him, Peter went inside and found a large gathering of people. 28 He said to them: “You are well aware that it is against our law for a Jew to associate with a Gentile or visit him. But God has shown me that I should not call any man impure or unclean. 29 So when I was sent for, I came without raising any objection. May I ask why you sent for me?” 30 Cornelius answered: “Four days ago I was in my house praying at this hour, at three in the afternoon. Suddenly a man in shining clothes stood before me 31 and said, ‘Cornelius, God has heard your prayer and remembered your gifts to the poor. 32 Send to Joppa for Simon who is called Peter. He is a guest in the home of Simon the tanner, who lives by the sea.’ 33 So I sent for you immediately, and it was good of you to come. Now we are all here in the presence of God to listen to everything the Lord has commanded you to tell us.” 34 Then Peter began to speak: “I now realize how true it is that God does not show favoritism 35 but accepts men from every nation who fear him and do what is right. 36 You know the message God sent to the people of Israel, telling the good news of peace through Jesus Christ, who is Lord of all. 37 You know what has happened throughout Judea, beginning in Galilee after the baptism that John preached– 38 how God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and power, and how he went around doing good and healing all who were under the power of the devil, because God was with him. 39 “We are witnesses of everything he did in the country of the Jews and in Jerusalem. They killed him by hanging him on a tree, 40 but God raised him from the dead on the third day and caused him to be seen. 41 He was not seen by all the people, but by witnesses whom God had already chosen–by us who ate and drank with him after he rose from the dead. 42 He commanded us to preach to the people and to testify that he is the one whom God appointed as judge of the living and the dead. 43 All the prophets testify about him that everyone who believes in him receives forgiveness of sins through his name.” 44 While Peter was still speaking these words, the Holy Spirit came on all who heard the message. 45 The circumcised believers who had come with Peter were astonished that the gift of the Holy Spirit had been poured out even on the Gentiles. 46 For they heard them speaking in tongues and praising God. Then Peter said, 47 “Can anyone keep these people from being baptized with water? They have received the Holy Spirit just as we have.” 48 So he ordered that they be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ. Then they asked Peter to stay with them for a few days.
9. What did Peter tell these gentiles, which they believed and at that point they became saved.acts105
He preached the gospel.
1 Corinthians 15:1-8 (NIV) 
Now, brothers, I want to remind you of the gospel I preached to you, which you received and on which you have taken your stand.
By this gospel you are saved, if you hold firmly to the word I preached to you. Otherwise, you have believed in vain.
For what I received I passed on to you as of first importance: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures,
that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures,
and that he appeared to Peter, and then to the Twelve.
After that, he appeared to more than five hundred of the brothers at the same time, most of whom are still living, though some have fallen asleep.
Then he appeared to James, then to all the apostles,
and last of all he appeared to me also, as to one abnormally born.
The gospel is not a long theological argument. Theology comes later. The gospel is the entry point for the Holy Spirit. Once one believes that Jesus rose from the dead, regeneration and rebirth starts to take place.
10. Why do these gentiles speak in tongues?
acts106This was a sign gift which appears to happen when ever the Holy Spirit comes to a new people group. First the Jews, then the Samaritans, then the gentiles.
This incident has been called the Gentile Pentecost. Peter was astonished that the Gentiles should receive the Holy Spirit. This outpouring of the Holy Spirit was made audible by their speaking in tongues. The tongues were an evidence to Simon Peter and the others with him that God would save the Gentiles and would give to them His Holy Spirit. Peter later relates this as evidence that these Gentiles had believed on the Lord Jesus Christ and that God had granted repentance unto life also to the Gentiles (Acts 11:17-18). In Acts 15:7-11 Peter again refers to this incident, declaring that it proves that the Holy Ghost has been given to the Gentiles and that they are saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ just as are the Jews. It is hard for us to realize the great barrier that existed between Jew and Gentile. The Jews of that day simply could not believe that Gentiles were going to be saved — in spite of the fact that the Lord had told them this was to be so. Then the Gentiles at Cornelius’ house are baptized in water.
Again let me call your attention to the fact that the Book of Acts records three representative conversions. The Ethiopian eunuch was a son of Ham. Saul of Tarsus was a son of Shem. Cornelius was a son of JaphethIn each instance the Holy Spirit moved, using a man of God and the Word of God. This shows that the Gospel, salvation and the Holy Spirit has been given to all humanity.
Thru The Bible with J. Vernon McGee.
        
            ESVN………….ESV Study Bible Notes                        
·          MSBN…….MacArthur NASB Study Notes               
·          NIVSN…..NIV Study Notes.                                                                    
·          JVM ….J Vernon McGee,
·          ACC …. Adam Clarke’s Commentary
·          BN …..Barnes Notes
·          WBC……   Wycliffe Bible Commentary
·          CN …… Constables Notes 
·          IC……….Ironside Commentary
·          NET………Net Bible Study Notes.
·          JFB…………..Jamieson  Fausset  Brown Commentary
·          VWS……………..Vincent Word Studies
·          CMM………….Commentary on Matthew and Mark
·          BDB………….. Barclay’s Daily Study Bible (NT)
·          Darby………..John Darby’s Synopsis of the OT and NT
·          Johnson………Johnson’s Notes on the New Testament.
·          NTCMM…………..The New Testament Commentary:  Matthew and Mark.
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